Observation: Perspectives on Research Methodologies for Leisure Managers

Observation is an important research and data collection methodology. Effective observation and reflection on that observation contributes to effective learning. Observation can be participant or non-participant, covert or overt; it can be used to collect quantitative or qualitative data, and can be structured or unstructured. Observation can be used in service and leisure environments to examine facilities and physical environments, customer interactions and staff interactions. Participant observation yields a unique perspective on the service and leisure experience. Two examples of the use of direct observation to study leisure environments are used to illustrate the way in which observation can be used to enhance understanding of the effectiveness of leisure environments, and to understand the leisure experience.